A periodic table is nothing but a systematic arrangement of the chemical elements, in a table form. This credit for this invention goes to the Russian scientist named, Dmitri Mendeleev. Since its invention, the periodic table has undergone number of changes.
The periodic table is considered one of the most important reference, in studies related to chemistry. It consists of all the chemical elements known till date.
The elements present in the periodic table are classified under different groups, depending on their chemical and physical properties.
They are, metalloids, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, other elements, non-metals, halogens, noble gases and rare earth elements. In many of the groups, the member elements have similar properties.
The periodic table is considered one of the most important reference, in studies related to chemistry. It consists of all the chemical elements known till date.
The elements present in the periodic table are classified under different groups, depending on their chemical and physical properties.
They are, metalloids, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, other elements, non-metals, halogens, noble gases and rare earth elements. In many of the groups, the member elements have similar properties.
Metalloids: The elements that come under metalloids group, bear the properties of both metals and non-metals. Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, Tellurium and Polonium are the elements that are known as Metalloids. These elements are placed in group 13, 14, 15 and 16.
Alkali Metals: Alkali metals are placed in the first group of the periodic table and consist of elements Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium. All these elements are highly reactive and do not occur freely in nature.
Alkaline Earth Metals: Alkaline earth metals are placed in the second group of the periodic table and are found in Earth's crust. Even these metals do not occur freely in nature. Beryllium, Magnesium Calcium, Strontium, Barium and Radium are the six, elements that belong to this category.
Transition Metals: All the elements that are placed in groups 3 to 12 are transition metals. Ductility, malleability and conductivity of electricity, are some of the basic properties of these elements. Chromium, Copper, Nickel, Mercury, Gold and Silver are some of the metals, that belong to this group.
Rare Earth Elements: Rare earth elements are located in the 3rd, 6th and 7th periods of the periodic table. Most of the elements that belong to this group are man made or synthetic. Lanthanide and Actinide series together form the rare earth elements. Cerium, Curium, Europium, Uranium, etc are some of the rare earth elements.
Non-Metals: Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur and Selenium are seven non-metals located in the 14th, 15th and 16th group of the periodic table. These elements are very brittle and do not easily conduct electricity.
Noble Gases: Noble gases are located in 18th group of the periodic table. Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon are six noble gases, found in the periodic table.
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